02 · lsa types

OSPF LSA Type Visualization

One topology that produces every LSA type: area 1 on point-to-point links, area 0 with the only broadcast segment and an ASBR, and area 2 as an NSSA with its own ASBR. Select an LSA type to highlight the routers that originate it, shade the area it floods to, animate the flooding itself, and read a decoded header.

AREA 1normal, all p2p linksAREA 0backbone · holds the ASBRAREA 2 (NSSA)no type 5 allowedp2pp2pp2pp2pp2pp2peBGPstaticA11.1.1.1A21.1.1.2ABR11.1.1.9ABRBB110.0.0.20DR10.0.0.0/24broadcastASBR10.0.0.9ASBRABR22.2.2.9ABRC12.2.2.1C22.2.2.2NSSA ASBRAS 65010eBGP · 203.0.113.0/24192.0.2.0/24static, redistributed
Eight routers, ten router LSAs: ABR1 and ABR2 each build one per area they have an interface in.
  • inside the flooding scope
  • out of scope for this LSA
  • redistribution boundary

Database entries · type 1

Link state ID, advertising router, sequence and age are the four fields to read out loud.

TypeLink state IDAdv routerAreaSeqAgeContents
11.1.1.11.1.1.110x800001241311s2 p2p links (A2, ABR1) + stub 10.1.1.0/24
11.1.1.21.1.1.210x800001211328s2 p2p links (A1, ABR1) + stub 10.1.2.0/24
11.1.1.91.1.1.910x800001071447s2 p2p links (A1, A2) · B bit set
11.1.1.91.1.1.900x800001061446s1 transit link to 10.0.0.0/24 · B bit set
110.0.0.2010.0.0.2000x800001241165s1 transit link to 10.0.0.0/24 · DR on that segment
110.0.0.910.0.0.900x80000112820s1 transit link · E bit set (it is an ASBR)
12.2.2.92.2.2.900x80000110489s1 transit link · B bit set
12.2.2.92.2.2.920x80000112491s2 p2p links (C1, C2) · B bit set
12.2.2.12.2.2.120x8000012F355s2 p2p links + stub 10.2.1.0/24
12.2.2.22.2.2.220x8000012B372s2 p2p links + stub 10.2.2.0/24 · E bit set

Slide sideways to see the whole table.

The whole set, side by side

TypeNameOriginatorScope
1Router LSAEvery OSPF router, once per area it has an interface inFlooded within a single area only
2Network LSAThe DR on each multi-access segmentFlooded within a single area only
3Summary LSA (inter-area prefix)Area Border RoutersFlooded into other areas, one hop of areas at a time
4ASBR Summary LSAArea Border RoutersFlooded into areas that do not contain the ASBR
5AS External LSAThe ASBRFlooded through the whole OSPF domain, except stub and NSSA areas
6Group Membership LSA (MOSPF)Nothing, in practiceNever used
7NSSA External LSAAn ASBR inside a Not-So-Stubby AreaFlooded within the NSSA only, then translated to a type 5 by the NSSA ABR

Slide sideways to see the whole table.

Three common traps

Key point

Type 3 is not topology. Nobody runs SPF on a summary LSA. That is why a misconfigured ABR can create a routing loop that pure intra-area OSPF cannot.

A type 5 without a type 4 is useless. The external LSA names the ASBR by router ID; without the ASBR summary, routers outside area 0 cannot resolve it and the route never installs.

Type 7 does not travel. It stops at the NSSA border and is reborn as a type 5 advertised by the translating ABR — which is why the advertising router changes on the way out.